Pakati pezana ramakore rechigumi nemapfumbamwe, varimi vazhinji vakatanga kutorazve gwenga ndokuenda kumadokero kumapani uye kumuganhu wekumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero zvichiteerana. Nekuda kwekutama kwekurima, varimi vane ruzivo rwakanyanya nezvekuchinja nharaunda. Nyika isati yatorwa, yakanga yakazara matombo uye isina mvura. Mushure mekutama kwekurima, nekuda kwekushaikwa kwezvishandiso zvekurima zvemuno uye tekinoroji yekurima inoenderana, nzvimbo zhinji dzakagarwa pasina munhu, uye dzakava dzisina. Kunzvimbo itsva yekudyara, kuti ienderane nemamiriro ezvinhu aya, varimi vakawanda vakatanga kugadzira fenzi dzewaya dzine minzwa munzvimbo dzavo dzekudyara.
Nekuda kwekushaikwa kwezvinhu mukutanga kwevhu reclamation, mune yetsika pfungwa yevanhu, rusvingo rwakagadzirwa nematombo nehuni rinogona kuita basa rekudzivirira, rinogona kudzivirira miganhu yaro kubva kuparadzwa nemamwe masimba ekunze uye kutsikwa nemhuka, saka ruzivo rwekudzivirira rwakasimba.
Nekushomeka kwehuni nematombo, vanhu vari kugara vachitsvaga mamwe mafenzi echinyakare kuti vachengetedze zvirimwa zvavo. Mumakore ekuma1860 nema1870, vanhu vakatanga kurima zvirimwa zvine minzwa semafenzi, asi zvisina zvazvinobatsira.
Nekuda kwekushomeka uye mutengo wakakwira wezvirimwa, uye kusagadzikana kwekuvaka, ivo vakasiiwa nevanhu. Nekuda kwekushaikwa kwemafenzi, hurongwa hwekudzoreredza ivhu hwakange husina kutsetseka.
Pakazosvika 1870, sirika yakatsetseka yemhando yepamusoro yakanga ichiwanika muhurefu hwakasiyana. Vapfuri vakashandisa waya dzakatsetseka idzi kukomberedza fenzi, asi vakaona kuti huku dzairamba dzichipinda nekubuda.
Zvadaro, muna 1867, vagadziri vaviri vakaedza kuwedzera mizongoza kune sirika yakatsetseka, asi hapana chakabatsira. Kusvikira muna 1874, Michael Kelly akagadzira nzira inoshanda zvikuru yekuwedzera minzwa kune sirika, ndokubva atanga kuishandisa muhuwandu hwakawanda.
Joseph Glidden akawana kuti pane tambo yemapuranga mumusha mudikiwo zvawo. Kune mbambo dzesimbi dzakawanda dzakapinza kune rumwe rutivi rwetambo, uye tambo dzesimbi dzakatsetseka dzakasungwa kune rimwe divi. Kuwana uku kwakamufadza zvikuru. Zvakaitawo kuti kugadzirwa kwake kuoneke muchimiro chewaya ine minzwa. Glidden akaisa mizongoza muguyo bhinzi yekofi, yomonyorora mizongoza nguva nenguva patambo yakatsetseka yomonyorora imwe waya ichitenderedza mizongoza kuti ibate panzvimbo.
Glidden inozivikanwa sababa vewaya ine minzwa. Mushure mekugadzirwa kwake kwakabudirira, inoenderera nanhasi iine zvinopfuura 570 patented zvigadzirwa zvewaya ine minzwa. Icho "chimwe chezvakagadzirwa zvakashandura chiso chenyika".
KuChina, mafekitari mazhinji anogadzira waya ine minzwa anogadzira zvakanangana newaya yemarara kana waya yesimbi yakavharwa nepurasitiki kuita waya yemunzwa. Iyi nzira yekuruka uye kumonyorora waya ine minzwa ichavandudza kugadzirwa kwehunyanzvi, asi dzimwe nguva pane zvakaipira kuti waya ine minzwa haina kugadziriswa zvakakwana.
Nekuvandudzwa kwemichina, vamwe vanogadzira iye zvino vanotanga kushandisa imwe nzira yekushongedza, kuitira kuti pamusoro petsvimbo yewaya haisati yanyatsogadzikana, nokudaro inovandudza zvikuru mhedzisiro yekudzikamisa gomba.
Neminzwa yayo inopinza, hupenyu hurefu hwebasa, uye kuisirwa kuri nyore uye kusingagumi, waya ine minzwa yakashandiswa zvakanyanya mumagadheni, mafekitori, majeri nedzimwe nzvimbo dzinoda kuparadzaniswa, uye dzave kuzivikanwa nevanhu.
Zvakadini nazvo? Hameno kuti urikushamisikawo seni kuti waya ine minzwa ine nhoroondo inonakidza kudaro?
Kana iwe uine chero ruzivo rudiki nezve waya ine minzwa, unogamuchirwa kutaura nesu.
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22nd, Hebei Sefa Material Zone, Anping, Hengshui, Hebei, China
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Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-13-2023